The Fleecing of African Farmland
Published December 07, 2009 @ 11:48AM PT
What's the result of a country reaching its maximum level of agricultural productivity, or more simply, what happens when a country runs out of enough farmland to meet its own citizens' food needs?
As many industrialized countries in Europe and Asia -- and soon the United States as well -- begin to grapple with this question, it seems as though the initial answer is to simply buy up inexpensive farmland in an area of the world with cheap labor and the greatest untapped agricultural potential: Africa.
The practice is called "Land Leasing," and describes the decade-long contracts governments in African countries, such as Ethiopia, are entering into with wealthy countries and businesses. In this model, wealthy nations effectively "export" their need for staple agricultural products to nations in Africa, where farmland is widely available (for the moment) and where the product can be produced even more cheaply than at home.
This is not only seen as a need for food security in wealthy countries, but as an opportunity to make a quick buck in one of the fastest-growing investment sectors in the world. In the first half of 2009 alone, private equity firms raised more than $2 billion to invest in farmland.
Proponents of this system argue that it will increase efficiency and spur industrialization of the African agricultural sector. While this may very well be true, what this system also does is increase consolidation and force African farmers off their land. Instead of helping African farmers compete in the global marketplace, land leasing effectively turns these farmers into a giant pool of cheap labor to be used by the giant agribusiness companies moving in.
Even with this practice being fairly new, disputes between smaller farmers and agribusinesses -- also being called the "new colonialists" -- are already becoming commonplace. Farmers are often kicked off of land their ancestors have worked for generations when their government (without any input from or payment to the farmers) sells their land to a foreign government or corporation.
Perhaps the worst of this is the potential for disaster for African food security. As rich countries sure up steady supplies of their staple products on farms throughout Africa, many poor nations are quickly becoming net importers of food, leaving them susceptible to widespread hunger.
Here's a worst case scenario: a country in Africa begins to focus its production on specialty-crop products (green beans or baby corn, for example) to be sold in American and European markets. This is accomplished through technology and innovation advances made with private equity from investment firms and foreign governments.
However, after a drought or outbreak of disease (or really any small kink in the production chain), these wealthy western countries decide not to buy from the African nation. The result is that nation losing millions of dollars in anticipated export revenue and holding onto a surplus of tons of produce that the people in their country aren't even accustomed to eating. So not only does this nation not have enough money to purchase food, they are also holding onto a product no one wants to buy.
Does any of this resource exploitation sound familiar, like something that has already happened before? Yeah, I see the similarities too and wonder how long the international community is going to sit on their hands and let rich countries exploit, once again, the resources of poorer ones.
African nations, or more accurately the African people, are assuming all of the risk and are being denied any of the reward.
(Photo credit: luigig on Flickr)
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Comments (5)
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Author
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Greg Plotkin is a local food enthusiast, former farm laborer from Connecticut, and current grant writer at an agriculture-focused nonprofit in Washington, DC. He believes that the future of food depends on the future of farmland and that access to good food is a right, not a privilege.
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"like something that has already happened before?".........
Yes, in the U.S. Mexico, Chile,.....
Of course our huge farm corporations aren't going to buy this land. Why should they? They'll grow what THEY can make money off of, import it to the U.S. FOR FREE, and Africans will starve. Let's not forget the small U.S. farmers and laborers that will pay with their jobs and lively hoods. But who cares, right? (At least the blame won't lie with me. I didn't vote for Obama.)
Posted by L.S. hope on 12/07/2009 @ 10:45PM PT
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Just for the record, L.S., it is a very Republican idea to knock down any trade barriers that keep poor workers in all countries from being exploited. Just look at all the things Bush #2 did to make sure that there were no restrictions to where U.S. surpluses could go -- this effectively made it impossible for subsistence farmers in many countries to compete with highly subsidized U.S. farm products.
Obama is not to blame (although I agree I'd like to see a bit more progressive farm policy).
Posted by Greg Plotkin on 12/08/2009 @ 08:58AM PT
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Are you saying "NAFTA is keeping people from being exploited?" I'd beg to differ. Investing in these countries is smart, if your trying to eradicate poverty. But if your going to take the food out of these countries and ship it to the U.S. Who are you really helping?
Your not helping feed their population. Your only making money for the farmer and the corporation that has leased the land. (Now this sound like a Republican idea.)
Africa has a diverse climate. With a little help, they could create their own economy. We've loaned money to Israel for ag. research/farming. Why shouldn't we do the same for Africa? (Because people only care about money, that's why.)
I wouldn't disagree, on your Bush #2 comment. He set this countries economy up for failure, but Obama went ahead and pushed it over the cliff.
Also, I did read the article about farm subsidies and looked at the data as well. Yes, I was pissed, to see that the wealthiest people in my county were receiving subsidies. 6 million dollars to one family, in less than 3 years. But most farmers don't want to be subsidized. They just want an even playing field.
You can keep going about it your way, (The Bush/Obama way,) and we'll see how many more, "subsistence" farmers are able to compete. We've been on a down-hill tumble, since NAFTA was implemented. I don't understand what you think will change.
Posted by L.S. hope on 12/09/2009 @ 12:20AM PT
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Aloha or Hello,
From the Founder of Sustainable Action Day weekly Worldwide initiative.
My name is Zion Estes,
We are preparing the launching of A World-wide weekly initiative, called Sustainable Action Day. We are based on the Big Island of Hawaii and we plan to launch next month January 2010. Our goal is to drive an International campign for addressing real Sustainable Action at the local level.
Sustainable Action Day is targeted to be held on Furlough Fridays but can hbe held any day of the week. We are demanding Sustainable Action Now. My self, and a number of Hawaii residents along with several other organizations are working on launching Sustainable Action Day movement. I am very excited to announce that our Sustainable Action Day events will soon be hosted at the Waimea School Elementary here on the Big Island of Hawaii every Friday.
We invite everyone around the world to join and promote Sustainable Action Day movement in your area. The timing for this could not be better during a destabilized economic environment. Why wait for our World leaders to just talk more at Copenhagen when We the People control Our World. As consumers all we have to do is change our living and buying habits. No more talking its time for the people of the world to act and do what we know is right.
This is one moment in history where industries of the past and new industries of the future have a chance to make a smooth transition into a sustainability and technology era. Please take a moment to review our Vision and Mission Statement.
Please Sign Our Petition if you support the idea of having a Sustainable Action Day every week.
Thank you for you consideration and we hope you are interested in joining this World wide Sustainable Action Day moevement and campaign...
Please review our Vision Mission Statement below -
Sustainable Action Day Vision Mission Statement
Sustainable Action Days objective is to promote research, communication networking, and high tech and sustainable education, through community and cultural events, with emphasis on self-sufficiency and ecologically sound sustainable development.
Sustainable Action Day partners with Resilience Hawaii to also address Disaster Resilience Preparedness & Sustainable & Cultural Development
Projects for all to adapt:
Engage community leader's citizens and businesses to identify pressing risks and vulnerabilities and develop strategies for building a resilient and culturally sustainable Hawaii.
Sustainable Action Day on Furlough Friday's is a proactive society nation wide initiative goal that will cause cooperative collaborative partnerships between County and Resilient and Sustainable Action Organizations.
Barack Obama Calls "Preparedness" "A top priority" Says "More Resilient Nation" is "Our Goal". "Preparedness is an essential element of a resilient and secure Nation. My Administration has made preparedness a top priority, and we are working every day to ensure our country stands ready to respond to any disaster or emergency - from wildfires and hurricanes, to terrorist attacks and pandemic disease. Our goal is to ensure a more resilient Nation - one in which individuals, communities, and our economy can adapt to changing conditions as well as withstand and rapidly recover from disruption due to emergencies."
Develop model programs, applied research, seminars, workshops and activities that demonstrate sustainable community development that promotes a community's social, economic and environmental well being. Such model programs often incorporate multifaceted themes and approaches: Individual and community well-being; Community social-interaction and self-determination; Community service and volunteer programs; Environmental justice; Environmental education; Community awareness in energy, sustainability, and recycling; Cultural and architectural resources protection; Public-private partnerships; Creative expression through multi-media production.
1. Facilitate communication among public government agencies, non-government organizations, and businesses that develop and promote environmentally sustainable models which can be replicated by other communities.
2. Develop cultural studies, projects and that foster sustainable economies in agriculture, natural resources, and an ecotourism which can be integrated within environmentally sustainable community development models.
3. Provide technical assistance to facilitate the development of environmentally sustainable housing, agricultural, economic development, and community development projects. Such assistance will include aid in project design, strategic planning, program financing access to grants, and environmental impact assessments related to such models.
4. Serve as a sustainable media resource for cooperative community networking through the implementation of teleconferencing and broadcasting internet media solutions. Provide online educational resources for information and written material on matters as they relate to environmentally sustainable community development and individual and community wellness and wellbeing, and serve as a vehicle through which member organizations share relevant information.
5. Engage in public education activities designed to better inform the local, domestic and international community on matters relating to development of environmentally sustainable communities.
6. Develop and promote models of sustainable community development that integrate environmental education, social and economic development, and individual physical, mental and spiritual health and well-being.
7. Promote awareness about sustainable development best practices through seminars, workshops, and collaborations with government, non-government organizations, and private businesses.
8. Promote educational programs through academic training, field studies and applied research projects and student internship programs that engage students in sustainable development education. Collaborate with domestic and international institutions of higher education to accomplish this objective.
Sustaianble Action Day Projects Include:
Developing Sustainable Action Day Networks to assist marginalized local rural communities by creating programs and projects utilizing concepts of sustainability, self-sufficiency, renew-ability, and recycling. Establish a network of local organizations and individuals whose mission and methods are consistent with a philosophy of respect for the ‘aina (land, water, all natural resources), both in terms of the impact on our island but also on the global ecosystem. Currently there are a number of groups in Kailua-Kona, South Kohala, Hamakua, and Pahoa that are conceiving, developing, and implementing culturally appropriate and economically viable forms of sustainable community development. The project partners are non profit organizations from each of the participating communities.
They include Kahu O Kahiko Inc., AMARAKA United Music Foundation, LIVE H2O, Rock N Renew Foundation, and True Offsets. Institutional supporters to these various project include the State Of Hawaii, County of Hawaii, and Waimea Elementary.
Sustainable Action Day guides the economic development by creating opportunities through projects that: 1) advance economic, environmental, and social equity in communities, 2) reflect the common values, traditions, needs, and expectations of local communities, and 3) promote the interests of marginalized peoples, especially advancing the efforts of youth and minorities in community development.
Rock N' Renew is a non-profit organization that networks manages and organizes educational, students, businesses, activists, artists, and musicians live and act in sustainable ways. Recognizing the connection between the health of culture and the health of the planet, we use art, music and science to provide global warming solutions that are realistic, and accessible to the young generation. Our work focuses to make environmentalism hip, edgy, artistic, and intelligent. We custom-design eco-blueprints for schools, businesses, and communities that address sustainability from the local perspective, while connecting each community to the larger concerns of the planet.
AMARAKA Technical Services: AMARAKA provides technical assistance, and training, and strategic planning services to the public. AMARAKA, through its affiliatation with Rock N Renew, assists corporations, government, and nonprofit organizations in transitioning to a sustainable future by focusing on creating a cooperative network of experts that will facilitate and train each organization in helping to create momentum that capitalizes on a new paradigm and vision of possibilities for sustainable futures.
Youth Exchange Program: Sustainable Action Day collaborates with Rock N Renew project for attracting youth from around the state, the mainland, and other nations. Rock N Renew summer program students will live and work on designing a community that balances principles of economic, social, and ecological well-being. We expect to expand this program during the next several years. Environmental Education Summer University Seminars: AMARAKA sponsors Rock N Renew's summer environmental education workshops in Honokaa, Kailua-Kona Hawaii. The seminars target educators throughout the Big Island and explore current topics in environmental education and sustainable development. Seminars are co-sponsored by Island Vortex Studio.
Sustainable Action Day also sponsors environmental education workshops across the Big Island. The meetings target current topics in environmental education and sustainable development. Seminars are co-sponsored by AMARAKA, Kahu O' Kahiko County of Hawaii, Island Vortex, and Rock N Renew in Kailua-Kona; our faculty is comprised of educators.
Promotion of Eco-tourism: Sustainable Action Day seeks the establish the Island of Hawaii as a leading center of eco-tourism with associated tourism including themes of eco- awareness tourism, agri-tourism, nature adventure tourism, outdoor fitness and wellness tourism.
Please feel free to visit some of our web-sites and our partners web-sites. Sustainable Action Day and Resilience Hawaii are brand new and only have a couple days of work into them.
Hawaii we be the first to create Sustainable Change in Real Time... Creating Sustainable Change in Real-Time World-Wide Initiative
Sustainable Action Day is building a database and CMS Content Management System and website of
sustainable products, solutions, and practices that can be reproduced and shared over our open source Sustainable Action Day Social Network.
Our goals Are
Identify the highest quality of local sustainable infrastructure systems and resources
Reduce our dependency to standard imported products and wasteful consumables that have any negative impact or effect on our environment
or our bodies.Maximize the efficiency of local economies by creating vision, plan and organize local sustainable action efforts worldwide.
Our work currently focuses on seven infrastructures:
Renewable Energy - Sustainable power from solar, wind, biomass, and hydro.Affordable Shelter-Low cost, durable shelters for temporary, semi-permanent, and long-term housing.Purified Water - Purified, safe water via filtration, reverse osmosis, pasteurization, and treatment.Organic Locally Grown Food - Develop and cultivate our organic local agriculture and farming techniques.Heating, Lighting, Cooling - Lower our power consumption per house hold and save our local consumer money. Communication & Technology - Develop training in High tech education to accelerate our high-tech understanding so we can adapt to the technology age.
Sanitation - Address samrter more efficient ways to deal with our trash problem.Create Sustainable Action Day TV series on the sustainable projects as they unfold and use this to re-energize the tourism economy for Hawaii.
Check out some of our websites and capabilities along with local partners.
This is only the begining... We hope to provide more training and resources than any other Climate Action and social network. Please help us reach that goal by showing your interest and ideas.
http://sustainableactionday.com/node/21
http://www.amaraka.tv/home/
http://resiliencehawaii.com/home/
http://rocknrenew.com/BLOG/wordpress/
http://www.trueoffsets.com/
http://www.margaretwille.com/home/
http://bigislandlive.com
http://www.islandvortex.com
We hope this Sustainable Action Day movement can catch on with everyone around the World. Stay tuned for information and events on www.sustainableactionday.com
Please feel free to contact us with any questions or information.
Again thank you for your consideration,...
Aloha,
Mahalo,
Zion Estes
Founder / President
Sustainable Action Coalition
Sustainable Action Day
& AMARAKA TV
To those who want to really be proactive and join us directly please email me at zion@sustainableactionday.
Or Contact us by clicking the contact form link right below.
1. send us an email via the contact form, and
Sign our petition here http://www.change.org/actions/view/sustainable_action_day
Posted by Sustainable Action Day on 12/15/2009 @ 06:02AM PT
You must be signed in to report content.
Aloha or Hello,
From the Founder of Sustainable Action Day weekly Worldwide initiative.
My name is Zion Estes,
We are preparing the launching of A World-wide weekly initiative, called Sustainable Action Day. We are based on the Big Island of Hawaii and we plan to launch next month January 2010. Our goal is to drive an International campign for addressing real Sustainable Action at the local level.
Sustainable Action Day is targeted to be held on Furlough Fridays but can hbe held any day of the week. We are demanding Sustainable Action Now. My self, and a number of Hawaii residents along with several other organizations are working on launching Sustainable Action Day movement. I am very excited to announce that our Sustainable Action Day events will soon be hosted at the Waimea School Elementary here on the Big Island of Hawaii every Friday.
We invite everyone around the world to join and promote Sustainable Action Day movement in your area. The timing for this could not be better during a destabilized economic environment. Why wait for our World leaders to just talk more at Copenhagen when We the People control Our World. As consumers all we have to do is change our living and buying habits. No more talking its time for the people of the world to act and do what we know is right.
This is one moment in history where industries of the past and new industries of the future have a chance to make a smooth transition into a sustainability and technology era. Please take a moment to review our Vision and Mission Statement.
Please Sign Our Petition if you support the idea of having a Sustainable Action Day every week.
Thank you for you consideration and we hope you are interested in joining this World wide Sustainable Action Day moevement and campaign...
Please review our Vision Mission Statement below -
Sustainable Action Day Vision Mission Statement
Sustainable Action Days objective is to promote research, communication networking, and high tech and sustainable education, through community and cultural events, with emphasis on self-sufficiency and ecologically sound sustainable development.
Sustainable Action Day partners with Resilience Hawaii to also address Disaster Resilience Preparedness & Sustainable & Cultural Development
Projects for all to adapt:
Engage community leader's citizens and businesses to identify pressing risks and vulnerabilities and develop strategies for building a resilient and culturally sustainable Hawaii.
Sustainable Action Day on Furlough Friday's is a proactive society nation wide initiative goal that will cause cooperative collaborative partnerships between County and Resilient and Sustainable Action Organizations.
Barack Obama Calls "Preparedness" "A top priority" Says "More Resilient Nation" is "Our Goal". "Preparedness is an essential element of a resilient and secure Nation. My Administration has made preparedness a top priority, and we are working every day to ensure our country stands ready to respond to any disaster or emergency - from wildfires and hurricanes, to terrorist attacks and pandemic disease. Our goal is to ensure a more resilient Nation - one in which individuals, communities, and our economy can adapt to changing conditions as well as withstand and rapidly recover from disruption due to emergencies."
Develop model programs, applied research, seminars, workshops and activities that demonstrate sustainable community development that promotes a community's social, economic and environmental well being. Such model programs often incorporate multifaceted themes and approaches: Individual and community well-being; Community social-interaction and self-determination; Community service and volunteer programs; Environmental justice; Environmental education; Community awareness in energy, sustainability, and recycling; Cultural and architectural resources protection; Public-private partnerships; Creative expression through multi-media production.
1. Facilitate communication among public government agencies, non-government organizations, and businesses that develop and promote environmentally sustainable models which can be replicated by other communities.
2. Develop cultural studies, projects and that foster sustainable economies in agriculture, natural resources, and an ecotourism which can be integrated within environmentally sustainable community development models.
3. Provide technical assistance to facilitate the development of environmentally sustainable housing, agricultural, economic development, and community development projects. Such assistance will include aid in project design, strategic planning, program financing access to grants, and environmental impact assessments related to such models.
4. Serve as a sustainable media resource for cooperative community networking through the implementation of teleconferencing and broadcasting internet media solutions. Provide online educational resources for information and written material on matters as they relate to environmentally sustainable community development and individual and community wellness and wellbeing, and serve as a vehicle through which member organizations share relevant information.
5. Engage in public education activities designed to better inform the local, domestic and international community on matters relating to development of environmentally sustainable communities.
6. Develop and promote models of sustainable community development that integrate environmental education, social and economic development, and individual physical, mental and spiritual health and well-being.
7. Promote awareness about sustainable development best practices through seminars, workshops, and collaborations with government, non-government organizations, and private businesses.
8. Promote educational programs through academic training, field studies and applied research projects and student internship programs that engage students in sustainable development education. Collaborate with domestic and international institutions of higher education to accomplish this objective.
Sustaianble Action Day Projects Include:
Developing Sustainable Action Day Networks to assist marginalized local rural communities by creating programs and projects utilizing concepts of sustainability, self-sufficiency, renew-ability, and recycling. Establish a network of local organizations and individuals whose mission and methods are consistent with a philosophy of respect for the ‘aina (land, water, all natural resources), both in terms of the impact on our island but also on the global ecosystem. Currently there are a number of groups in Kailua-Kona, South Kohala, Hamakua, and Pahoa that are conceiving, developing, and implementing culturally appropriate and economically viable forms of sustainable community development. The project partners are non profit organizations from each of the participating communities.
They include Kahu O Kahiko Inc., AMARAKA United Music Foundation, LIVE H2O, Rock N Renew Foundation, and True Offsets. Institutional supporters to these various project include the State Of Hawaii, County of Hawaii, and Waimea Elementary.
Sustainable Action Day guides the economic development by creating opportunities through projects that: 1) advance economic, environmental, and social equity in communities, 2) reflect the common values, traditions, needs, and expectations of local communities, and 3) promote the interests of marginalized peoples, especially advancing the efforts of youth and minorities in community development.
Rock N' Renew is a non-profit organization that networks manages and organizes educational, students, businesses, activists, artists, and musicians live and act in sustainable ways. Recognizing the connection between the health of culture and the health of the planet, we use art, music and science to provide global warming solutions that are realistic, and accessible to the young generation. Our work focuses to make environmentalism hip, edgy, artistic, and intelligent. We custom-design eco-blueprints for schools, businesses, and communities that address sustainability from the local perspective, while connecting each community to the larger concerns of the planet.
AMARAKA Technical Services: AMARAKA provides technical assistance, and training, and strategic planning services to the public. AMARAKA, through its affiliatation with Rock N Renew, assists corporations, government, and nonprofit organizations in transitioning to a sustainable future by focusing on creating a cooperative network of experts that will facilitate and train each organization in helping to create momentum that capitalizes on a new paradigm and vision of possibilities for sustainable futures.
Youth Exchange Program: Sustainable Action Day collaborates with Rock N Renew project for attracting youth from around the state, the mainland, and other nations. Rock N Renew summer program students will live and work on designing a community that balances principles of economic, social, and ecological well-being. We expect to expand this program during the next several years. Environmental Education Summer University Seminars: AMARAKA sponsors Rock N Renew's summer environmental education workshops in Honokaa, Kailua-Kona Hawaii. The seminars target educators throughout the Big Island and explore current topics in environmental education and sustainable development. Seminars are co-sponsored by Island Vortex Studio.
Sustainable Action Day also sponsors environmental education workshops across the Big Island. The meetings target current topics in environmental education and sustainable development. Seminars are co-sponsored by AMARAKA, Kahu O' Kahiko County of Hawaii, Island Vortex, and Rock N Renew in Kailua-Kona; our faculty is comprised of educators.
Promotion of Eco-tourism: Sustainable Action Day seeks the establish the Island of Hawaii as a leading center of eco-tourism with associated tourism including themes of eco- awareness tourism, agri-tourism, nature adventure tourism, outdoor fitness and wellness tourism.
Please feel free to visit some of our web-sites and our partners web-sites. Sustainable Action Day and Resilience Hawaii are brand new and only have a couple days of work into them.
Hawaii we be the first to create Sustainable Change in Real Time... Creating Sustainable Change in Real-Time World-Wide Initiative
Sustainable Action Day is building a database and CMS Content Management System and website of
sustainable products, solutions, and practices that can be reproduced and shared over our open source Sustainable Action Day Social Network.
Our goals Are
Identify the highest quality of local sustainable infrastructure systems and resources
Reduce our dependency to standard imported products and wasteful consumables that have any negative impact or effect on our environment
or our bodies.Maximize the efficiency of local economies by creating vision, plan and organize local sustainable action efforts worldwide.
Our work currently focuses on seven infrastructures:
Renewable Energy - Sustainable power from solar, wind, biomass, and hydro.Affordable Shelter-Low cost, durable shelters for temporary, semi-permanent, and long-term housing.Purified Water - Purified, safe water via filtration, reverse osmosis, pasteurization, and treatment.Organic Locally Grown Food - Develop and cultivate our organic local agriculture and farming techniques.Heating, Lighting, Cooling - Lower our power consumption per house hold and save our local consumer money. Communication & Technology - Develop training in High tech education to accelerate our high-tech understanding so we can adapt to the technology age.
Sanitation - Address samrter more efficient ways to deal with our trash problem.Create Sustainable Action Day TV series on the sustainable projects as they unfold and use this to re-energize the tourism economy for Hawaii.
Check out some of our websites and capabilities along with local partners.
This is only the begining... We hope to provide more training and resources than any other Climate Action and social network. Please help us reach that goal by showing your interest and ideas.
http://sustainableactionday.com/node/21
http://www.amaraka.tv/home/
http://resiliencehawaii.com/home/
http://rocknrenew.com/BLOG/wordpress/
http://www.trueoffsets.com/
http://www.margaretwille.com/home/
http://bigislandlive.com
http://www.islandvortex.com
We hope this Sustainable Action Day movement can catch on with everyone around the World. Stay tuned for information and events on www.sustainableactionday.com
Please feel free to contact us with any questions or information.
Again thank you for your consideration,...
Aloha,
Mahalo,
Zion Estes
Founder / President
Sustainable Action Coalition
Sustainable Action Day
& AMARAKA TV
To those who want to really be proactive and join us directly please email me at zion@sustainableactionday.
Or Contact us by clicking the contact form link right below.
1. send us an email via the contact form, and
Sign our petition here http://www.change.org/actions/view/sustainable_action_day
Posted by Sustainable Action Day on 12/15/2009 @ 06:03AM PT
You must be signed in to report content.